Explosive-engine.



M. BERLIET. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLIOA'IION FILED JULY 12, 1906.

320 ,41 7Q Patented May 4, 1909. 1 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

FIG-l ilnesses Zmmzm M. BERLIETH EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

' APPLIOATION FILED JULY 12, 1906.

5 SEEETSSHEET 2.

break/1 M, BERLIET.

EXPLOSIYE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 12, 1906.

Patented May 4, 1909.

5 SHEETS-SHEET a.

fiwezaiaj wlllesses Maw MARIUS BERLIET, .OF LYON, FRANCE.

EXPLOSIVE -ENGINE vment and operating mechanism therefor.

One of the objects of the inventionis the provision of an engine of "this character. equipped with means for supplying and con-' trolling an auxiliary o crating or motive fluid .other thanth exp osive fluid and supplying the same to the engine when starting and'il' desired during the operation of the engine in'--'wl1ich latter case the auxiliary mo; tive fluid is utilized to develop increased power.

The invention also contemplatesthe pro vision of means whereby the auxiliarymot ve fluid may" be used for reversing the englue and operating'the same backward.

The invention will be more fully described in connection with the accompanying drawings and will be more particularly pointed out and ascertained in and byth'e appended claims.- i

In the drawingsz Figure 1' is a side view partly in section of i an engine embodying the main features of my invention. Fig. 2'

.is a sectional view taken -on line 2-2 of Fig. 9. Fig. 3 is a sectionalvi'ew takenon line 33 of Fig. 9. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevationof means for controlling the valvesfor the explosive and auxiliary 1110- tive fluids-showing an adjustment of said means in which only the explosive lluid is used. Fig; 5 isfa similar view showing an adjustment wherein the explosive and aux-- iliary fluids are used. Fig. Gillustrates an adjustment wherein the engine is reversed and operated backward by means of the auxiliary motive fluid. Fig. 7 is an end elevation partly in section showing means for su pplying the auxiliary fluid, such as a compressor when the auxiliary fluid consists of air. Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a 'motor vehicle showing the application of the device of my invention thereto. Fig. 9 is a plan viewof the vehicle shown in Fig. 8; Fig: 10' is a side elevation partly in section of a modifiedform ofthe. invention. Fig. 11 is a detached de- Specification of Letters Patent Application filed July 12, 1906. Serial No. 325,97.

Patented May 4,1909.

tail view of controlling means in't he forinof'a" cam shaft adapted for use in coniicction with the" preferred embodiment-of the invention. Fig. 12 is a detached view of the'can1 shaft adapted for use in connection with the modi- U0 lied form of the invention-shown in l? ig. 10. Figs. 18,14, 15, 1'6 and'l7 aredetail sectional viewsol the cam shaltsfi j 1 Like numeralsreference designate sinii lar parts throughout the difi'erent figures or 6-3 the drawings.

l leferring to Fig. ithich'illustra tes the preferred-einhodiiuent of the; invention there is shown a corirhustionengine'conipris n'g six cylinders designated 1 2; 3; iff) and Grespec- 7 O tively; The pistons thereof are connected with a crank shaft 25, ineunted'in 'suitahle' hearings} the cl f nk portions "to which said pistons are conncctedhcingnuinhered 1",2 3, 4' 5 and 6." Said crank shaftis so air ,75 ranged, with. respect to the crank "port-ions, that the pistons opera teiirpairs' aswvill'be readily seen by reference to l igs 1 to 3 in: elusive. ltach oithe' cylinders l'to 6 i'ncl'u sive is provided with an automatically acting 8Q intake valve 20, cei'ninunic'ating eithasuit' able source of supply ill be seen hy ref erence to Figs. 2 and 3. Each of the cylin ders 1 to 6 inclusive isprovided with an er haust valve and the same'arenuiiihered7T; S5 9, 10, 11 and 12 and are normallymaintained in a closed position by springs'as sho v; 'n. 1n the present embodiment cylinders '1, and 5* and the pistons thereof are ada'p'te d'to bej operated only by an explosive fluid and when: the engine is reversed thesaid cylind designed. to run en'ipty. [The ps ton's ofcyl inders-2, 4 and Bare adaptedto'he operater either by an explosive fluid or hy'an auxiliary fluid such'as air although it-i-iill be understood that any auxiliary fluid other thanair may be used if desired and While the means for supplying and utilizing air will" hereinafter he described in connection v.- ith this fluid it is ill be understood'that such reference to air and air controlled means is not to be construed as an essential feature of the invention. Air valves 21, 22 and 23 which as shown are intake'spring'pressed valves are associated with cylinders2, +1 and 6 and de- '105 sirably communicate with'and operate the pistons therein through a passage .29" (Fig.

3). Non-return valves 48 are desirably 1nterposed between Silld, air valves andthe pas sages 11o i will next describe the means shown for supplying air for the purposes hereinafter more fully described.

Referring to Figs. 3, 8, 9 and 10, 52 designates an air compressor which as shown in Fig. 7 is provided on. its crank shaft with a gear 56, indicated by broken lines, which meshes with a gear 57 on the crank shaft 25. However the compressor may be connected directly to the crank shaft 25 as shown in Fig. .10. Air is admitted to the compressor Z 52 through inlet 50,valve 51 to the cylinder 2 and is discharged through valve '54 andpipe E ing shifting movement will be connnunicat'ed (Fig- 10). Pipe 53 discharges to a connecting pipe 62 which communicates at one end with a pipe 59 leading to a reservoir 58 (Fig. 9) and which will hereinafter be termed a reservoir pipe. At its other end said pipe 62 communicates with a feed pipe 63 which discharges at 47 (Fig. 3) to the air valves 21, 22and 23. Acut off valve 61 is conveniently interposed between pipes'62 and 63 and as shown is controlled by a foot lever 60. This cut off as-will hereinafter more fully appear is for-the purpose of controlling communication between the air supply and the cylinders 2 4 and 6. A valve 64 is conveniently interposed between pipes 62 and 59 and may if desired be a three way valve adapted to make connection between pipes 53 and 59 or cut off said connection and open communication between the com ressor and the outer air. When it is desire to fill the reservoir 58-.

communication will be established between the compressor and said reservoir by said valve and when the desired pressure is obtained in the reservoir the valve 64 will be pressed air to the atmosphere. In practice mechanism may if desired be provided for I throwing the compressor out of service when i predetermined pressure has been attained in the reservoir but inasmuch as suchmechanism forms no part of the present invention it has not been herein shown. 1

I will next describe the controlling means the cylinders 1 to 6 inclusive hereinbefore described 'Which means as shown consists of a shiftable cam shaft and I will alsodescribe the'specific form of shifting or operating mechanism herein shown for adjusting said camshaft in a manner to cause the devices hcreinbefore described to perform the various desired functions.

As shown the cam shaft is designated by 19 and is mounted to rotate and be shifted longitudinally in bearings, 64, 65, 66 and 67. In the bearing 64 the shaft 19 is keyed to and slidablyand non-rotatably mounted in ,shaft 19. thrown. 11]. a position to discharge the comshown for shifting said cam shaft 19 (Figs. 1 and designates an operating lever as sociated with quadrant whereby it may be fixed in three different positions as indir aled in dotted lines] Said lever 28 is provided with an angular portion 28' connected by a rod 25) with a bell crank 30' which latter is connected by a rod 31' to a pivoted lever 32 the opposite end of which is connected at 3' with the cam shaft 19. It will be obvious from the foregoing that as the lever is shifted to the intermediate position and to extreme positions 28 and 28 a correspondby air whiph adjustment will be termed the gas-air adjustment. Fig. 6 shows then-(i.- justment necessary when the engine is to be driven reverse to its normal direction of OP? eration wholly by air'and this adjustment will be termed the air adjustment.

Referring now specifically to-lE-ig. l the exhaust valves 7 9 and 11 of cylinders 1, 3 and 5 are operated by members which as shown are in the forin'of cams 13, 15 and 17 respectively which are formed integral with the Each of these cams is of sufficient length to permit shifting of the shaft 19 into the gas-air adjustment shown in Fig. 5 without becoming disassociated with said valves; '1. he cam members 13, 15 and 17 will be hereinafter termed normal gas camsor mem- 5 bers for the reason that the pistons of the Ecylinders controlled by these valves normally operate by gasolene and run empty j when-they are not so operated. for operating the exhaust and air valves of i i The valves 8, 10 and 12wh1ch control communication to 1 cylinders 2,4 and 6 are operated by cams or members 14, 16 and 18 which will hereinafter be termed gas cams or members. The valves 21, 22 and 23 controlling air communication to the cylinders 2. 4 and 6 are in this adjustment closed by their springs and remain closed by reason of the cylindrical surfaces 24 which will. i'iereinai'rer be termed neutral air surfaces. It will thus be seen that in the adjustment shown in Fig. 4 all of the-pistons of the cylinders l to 6 inclusive are operated by gasolene Orother explosive fluid.

Referring now to Fig. 5 wherein the pistons of cylinders 1, 3 and 5 aredriven by gasolene or other explosive fluid and the pistons of cylinders '2, 4 and 6 are driven by air it will be noted that the normal gas rains the same are in operative relation with.

valves 8, 10 and 12. It will thus be seen that the pistons of cylinders 1,. 3 and 5 are operated by gasoleiie while the pistons of cylinders 2, 4 and 6 areoperated by air. 'In this position the main operating lever 28 is in the position indicated by 28.

Referring now to Fig. 6 which is the air reverse adjustment wherein the operatinglever is in the position indicated by 28 it will be obvious that the pistons of cylinders 1, 3 and 5 must run empty and to this end the shaft 19 is provided with "neutral gas surfaces 40 which in the present construction serve to maintain'the valves 7,v 9' and 11- open. Inasmuch as in this adjustment it is necessary to operate valves 21', and23 to admit air to cylinders 2, 4 and 6 the shaft19 is provided with reverse air cams 41, 42 and- 43 for operating said valves 21, 22- and 23. It will also be neces-' sary to exhaust from cylinders 2, 4 and-6 and to this end reverse cams 44, 45 and 46 are provided for operating valves 8, 10 and 12.

It will be understood that in the adjust ment shown in Fig. 6 the exhaust valves 7, 9 and 11 being held open will prevent the establishment of suction in the cylinders 1, 3 and 5 and therefore the automatic intake valves 20 will not operate to admit the explosive mixture and'the pistons in said cylinders 1, 3 and 5 will run idle. It will be noted that when the adjustment of Fig. 6' is effected the pistons in cylinders 2, 4 and 6 being forced downwardly by theadniission of air to said cylinders the automatic intakes 20 of said cylinders will be maintained closed during the working stroke of said pistons and during the return stroke the air will be. exhausted through the exhaust valves 8, 10 and 12 and therefore the automatic intakes can-Q not operate.

, In Fig. 5 the adjustment shown will admit air to cylinders 2, 4 and 6 in substantially the samemanner as in the adjustment shown in Fig. 6 and will prevent the admission of the explosive fiuid so that in each case the cone trol of the exhaust valves and air inlet valves The explosive fluid and said gas air cylinder iswill control or prevent the admission of the ex )losive fluid.

n Fig. 10 I have shown the device of my invention applied to a three cylinder engine wherein the compressor, as hereinbefore described, is operated direct from the crankshaft 25 by a crank 55. The means shown in the preferred construction for shifting the cam shaft 19 may be employed in this construction but is not shown in connection therewith.

For convenience in designating theseveral cylinders in the claims, cylinders 1, 3 and 5 the pistons'of which are only operated by gasolene or other exlosive fluid will be termed gas cylinders while cylinders 2, 4

' and 6 the pistons of which are operated by both gas and air will be termed gas-air cylinders.

I claim i 1. An explosive engine comprising in combination, a plurality of cylinders for gas and for gas or air, pistons therefor, inlet means for said cylinders, exhaust valves for said cylinders, air inlet'valves for said gas or air cylinders, and means controlling said exhaust and airinlet valves and serving to effect operation of the pistons of all of said cylinders solely by an explosive fluid or to effect operation of said gas cylinder pistons solely by an tons solely by air or to cause said gas cy in- .der pistons to runidly and effect reversal of said engine by means ofair admitted to said gas or air cylinders.

2. An explosive engine comprising in combination, a plurality ofcylinders for gas and for gas or'air, pistons therefor, inlet means for said cylinders, exhaust means for saidcylinders, air inlet means for said gas or air cylinders, and means serving to effect operation of said gas and gas or air cylinder pistons solely by an explosive fluid'or serving to effect operationof said gas or air cylinder pistons solely by air or servin to reverse the direction of operation of sai engine by air acting on sald gas or air plstons, Silld means causing said gas cylinder pistons to run idly during such reversal. I

lgn testimony whereof I have allixed my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

MARIUS BE RLIET.

VVit-nesses JEAN GERMAIx, GUILLAUME PIooHE. 

